Rectal Prolapse: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Rectal prolapse is diagnosed when all or part of the rectum wall fall, sometimes protrude from the anus.
It has several types:
- Partial loss. The inner part of the rectum sticks out. This happens during the defecation. Partial loss happens mostly in kids age of 2 years.
- Complete loss. All rectal wall fall and usually protrude from the anus. This can occur not only during defecation, but simply while walking or even at rest.
- Internal MIC. One part of the colon may fall twine or another part, such as a collapsible telescope. It does not stick out. Intussusception happen mostly with kids and rarely with adults.
Sometimes, a segment of the colon tissue loses its normal position in the tissues, and stretched. Normally there is a bend at the beginning of the rectum. During rectal prolapse, this bend may straighten, making it hard to hold the chair.
The Causes
Many comorbidities increase the likelihood of this problem.
Risk factors for the child include:
- cystic fibrosis,
- after resectable paraproctitis,
- malnutrition,
- problems with physical development,
- straining in defecation,
- infection
Adult risk factors:
- frequent constipation,
- surgery or birth of a child have caused a tissue damage,
- age weakness in pelvic floor muscles
The Symptoms
The first ones may be:
- stool leakage from the anus,
- leaking blood or mucus
Others are:
- feeling like the bowel is full and immediate need for defecation,
- defecation in small pieces of stool,
- feeling like bowel is not completely emptied,
- anal itching, irritation, bleeding or pain
- bright red patch of tissue of the body, protruding from the anus.
The Diagnostics
The proctologist consultation is strongly recommended. It is likely that you will need a more detailed examination, such as sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy or bariumenema. This will reveal tumors, ulcers, or narrow regions in the colon.
Methods of treatment
As prevention:
- drink more water,
- avoid constipation
- eat fiber-filled food fruits and vegetables
Often, changes in the diet are enough to improve or completely prevent anus mucosa.
Workout more, do Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic region muscles. In complex cases, surgery is the best solution. The most common types of operations are:
- Mikulic operation - a circular piece of tissue that fell off the rectum;
- Nelaton operation - patchwork flyout clipping part of the colon;
- Delorme operation - clipping mucosa prolapsed rectum with sutures on the muscular wall of the shaft, which is mounted above the anal canal .
Now neraser anal canal and pelvic floor plastic is widespread.This operation is to narrow anus with copper (silver) wire. Some even resort to plastic pelvic floor muscles by stitching the edges of levator. Such operations have the ultimate aim of securing the rectum in normal anatomical position.
During the last decades in medicine laparoscopic surgery becomes sort of a fashion, the advantage of which is much less trauma when handling.
